Hyperglycaemia (high blood sugar)

Introduction

High blood sugar levels (hyperglycaemia) over a long period can result in unconciousness. Usually the casualty will drift into this state over a few days. Hyperglycaemia requires urgent treatment in hospital.

Recognition features

• Warm, dry skin.
• Rapid pulse and breathing.
• Fruity/sweet breath.
• Excessive thirst.
• If untreated, drowsiness, then unconsciousness.

Treatment

Your aim is to arrange urgent removal of the casualty to hospital.

• Dial 999 (or 112) for an ambulance.
• Monitor the level of response and look for any other possible causes.

If the casualty is unconscious:

• Open the airway and check breathing. (primary survey)
• Give chest compressions and rescue breaths if necessary.
• If the patient loses consciousness but is still breathing normally place them in the recovery position.
• Dial 999 or 112 for an ambulance.
• Monitor and record the levels of response, pulse and breathing.

Related topics

• CPR
• Recovery position
• Hypoglycaemia

Please note:

These hints are no substitute for thorough knowledge of first aid! St John Ambulance holds first aid courses throughout the country.