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Fainting

Dr Lynn Thomas, OStJ, BSc, MB.BS, MA, FRCPClinically reviewed: 28/04/2025

Sometimes people faint if there is not enough blood flowing to the brain. Find out what could cause fainting, and what to do.

What is fainting and what causes it?

Fainting is when someone briefly becomes unresponsive often causing them to fall to the ground. It happens because for a moment, there is not enough blood flowing to the brain.

People often faint as a reaction to pain, exhaustion, hunger, thirst, or emotional stress. It is also common for people to faint after they have been standing or sitting still for a long period of time and move too quickly, especially if they’re feeling hot.

Signs and symptoms

What to look for:

  • a brief loss of response, often causing them to fall to the ground

  • slow pulse

  • pale cold skin and sweating

  • feeling hot or cold

  • dizziness

  • feeling unwell.

What to do

  1. 1

    Advise them to lie down.

  2. 2

    If possible, elevate their legs slightly using a stool, cushions, or pillows. Make sure they get plenty of fresh air and ask other people to stand back.

  3. 3

    Reassure them, and when they feel better, help them to sit up slowly over a few minutes.

  4. 4

    If they stay unresponsive, open their airway, check their breathing, and prepare to treat someone who is unresponsive.

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